Mausoleum known as “Tomb of Theron”
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Mausoleum known as “Tomb of Theron”
There are still substantial remains of this building dating to the Roman age. For its reconstruction, apart from the assumptions drafted by several scholars as far back as the 19th century, including the archaeologist Hirtoff, there are possible typology comparisons, most notably with what is known as Hermel Pyramid in Lebanon, a building from the 1st century AD.
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Mausoleum known as “Tomb of Theron”
The mention of the tyrant Theron and the identification of the cenotaph as that of Timoleon can be ascribed to a wrong tradition.
The mausoleum is, in reality, a sepulchral monument which can be ascribed to the group of the imperial mausoleums of Hadrian’s and Antoninus’s ages, destined to monumentalize the necropolis South of the Hill of the Temples.
The building consists of two overlapped registers: a podium, almost cubic in form (4.81 m side, 3.91 m height) with moulded base and frame which corresponds to the sepulchral chamber and an upper plan in form of a shrine, always square planned (3.97 m side, 3.73 m height), whose basement lies upon the frame of the underlying platform, a fake door or frame tapered window of the Doric type for every side and angular columns of Ionic order supporting a Doric entablature (of which remain exclusively the epistyle and the frieze with metopes and triglyphs). Above of the two preserved registers we may hypothesize the existence of a third floor, perhaps a cusp-crowning.
The typological comparisons for the building must be sought in the tower mausoleums with obelisks and in the temple mausoleums with porches, peculiar of the area of the Tripolitania, particularly that of Germa (Fezzan) with three orders with obelisk termination, datable to the 2nd-3rd century AD.
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